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New white paper: Unlocking the potential of renewable energy through sector coupling

Sector coupling unlocks the full potential of renewable energy, driving decarbonisation and climate action. Explore key sectors and solutions behind it in our new white paper.

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Sector coupling: 7 key examples from energy and industry sectors

Sector coupling is about breaking down silos and enabling renewable energy to flow seamlessly between traditionally separate sectors such as heating, cooling, water, storage, power-to-x, transport, agriculture and industrial processes. Discover seven prime examples from the recently launched white paper "Sector Coupling - Unlocking renewable energy's full potential".

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Understanding sector coupling

Breaking down silos and cultivating collaboration. Sector coupling is a comprehensive term with many different aspects. Learn more as we define and explain the term as it is understood in the publication "Sector Coupling - Unlocking renwable energy's full potential".

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New white paper: Unlocking the potential of renewable energy through sector coupling

Sector coupling: 7 key examples from energy and industry sectors

Understanding sector coupling


Sector coupling – Unlocking renewable energy’s full potential

Discover the hidden potential of sector coupling in our white paper, offering valuable insights and practical solutions that can inspire and guide global efforts towards a green and sustainable transition.

This publication is funded by the EU.

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The global transition to a low-carbon economy faces a fundamental challenge: the fragmentation of energy systems, which limits the use of renewable energy. Transport, heating, industrial production and farming often operate in silos, limiting the potential to maximise renewable energy use and efficiency. With fossil fuels still dominating sectors such as heavy industry and transport, achieving net-zero emissions remains an uphill battle. As climate change accelerates, innovative, integrated solutions are essential to meet the growing energy demand sustainably and achieve global climate goals.

Sector coupling: Breaking down silos

Sector coupling is a transformative approach to energy management, breaking down silos to enable the seamless flow of renewable energy across industries. By integrating electricity, heating, cooling, gas, water, Power-to-X (PtX) and storage technologies, sector coupling offers:

  • Enhanced energy efficiency: Optimising energy use across sectors reduces waste and drives cost-effectiveness.
  • Resilience and security: Cross-sector collaboration strengthens energy supply chains, ensures energy diversification and reduces vulnerability to external disruptions.
  • Comprehensive decarbonisation: Enables electrification and the use of green hydrogen to tackle hard-to-abate emissions in transport, industry and agriculture.
  • Grid stability: Enables flexibility to balance supply and demand through smart energy systems, ensuring a reliable energy transition.

Sector coupling is not just an enabler of renewable integration but a catalyst for large-scale sustainability, resource optimisation, and economic growth.

Sector coupling explained

This figure presents a simplified model of sector coupling with a focus on energy. The primary driver for decarbonising our energy system is replacing fossil fuels with green electricity through direct electrification. This is represented by the green line connecting the model’s six application areas: transport, buildings, industrial processes, agriculture, water management and storage/Power-to-X.

Read more in “Understanding sector coupling”

Cross-industry collaboration and large-scale energy efficiency

Denmark is at the forefront of sector coupling, leveraging decades of expertise in renewable energy and cross-sector collaboration. Key Danish strongholds include:

  • Renewable energy expertise: With over 60% of its electricity powered by wind and solar, Denmark is a model of renewable integration.
  • Green hydrogen and power-to-X: Innovative partnerships and large-scale electrolysis projects are driving green hydrogen development for industries and transport​.
  • Smart grids and digitalisation: Danish energy systems use advanced digital tools to optimise energy flows, balance production and consumption in real-time and enhance system efficiency.
  • Collaborative frameworks: Government, industry, and academia unite to deliver ambitious solutions, from offshore wind to PtX hubs​.

Discover tangible sector coupling solutions

Sector coupling is a complex topic that refers to a holistic approach with an interconnected energy system. Discover concrete cases from solution providers exemplifying the many ways sector coupling can leverage renewable energy’s potential.

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Explore the potential of sector coupling

Denmark has built a strong foundation in sector coupling, drawing on years of experience in renewable energy production and system integration. The white paper “Sector coupling – Unlocking the full potential of renewable energy” outlines several areas where Denmark’s approach to sector coupling supports the green transition.

In the publication, Danish expertise is reflected across a range of sectors, providing concrete examples of how sector coupling can drive decarbonisation and energy efficiency.

Sector coupling

Download our publication and discover how to unlock the full potential of sector coupling.
This publication is funded by the EU.


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Discover cases on sector coupling

solutions

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GreenLab - The green industrial park of the future

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To succeed with the green transition, industry must be electrified in a way that maximises the use of renewable energy without putting excessive strain on the public electricity grid. Achieving this also requires a fundamental rethinking of the energy system: sector integration must be at the core,

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World Hydrogen Week 2025

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Company

Air pollution from industry production

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Ramboll

Ramboll is a leading international architecture, engineering, and consultancy company, owned by the Ramboll Foundation.
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