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研究レポート:熱プラントでの木質資源の燃焼は、気候変動対策に貢献する - State Of Green
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研究レポート:熱プラントでの木質資源の燃焼は、気候変動対策に貢献する

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9 12月 2020

コペンハーゲン大学の新たな研究レポートは、木質資源の燃焼は長期的にみて石炭よりも格段に、そして天然ガスよりも少しだけ「クライメイト・フレンドリー」である(気候変動への影響が小さい)ということを明らかにしました。同研究は、デンマークの10の熱電併給(CHP)プラントの化石燃料(石油・天然ガス)からバイオマスへの移行が、どの程度の温室効果ガス削減効果をもたらしたのかを初めて定量的に評価したものです。

用いられた評価方法の一つは、各プラントのカーボン・ペイバックタイム(CPT)の算出です。CPTとは施設や設備の製造時に生じるCO2排出量を、稼働後の削減効果によって相殺できるまでに何年を要するかの年数す。研究レポート執筆者の一人であるNiclas Scott Bentsen教授によれば、石炭から木質バイオマスへの移行では約6年、天然ガスでは9年から22年という結果になったそうです。

研究チームは、それぞれのエネルギー資源がCHPプラントの耐用期間(30年)に合計でどれだけのCO2排出をもたらすかという点にも着目しました。結果としては、石炭からバイオマスへの移行では15%から71%の削減、天然ガスからバイオマスへの移行では-4%から19%の削減になるという試算になりました。数字に大きな開きがあるのは、CPTやCO2削減の大きさは、どのような燃料が使われるか、どこで収集された燃料が使われるか等に依存するためです。研究対象となった10のCHPプラントでは、利用する木質バイオマス燃料のうち32%をデンマーク国内から、残りをバルト3国やロシア・ベラルーシ・米国などから調達しています。

 

出典:

https://stateofgreen.com/en/partners/state-of-green/news/research-the-burning-of-wood-at-heat-plants-has-resulted-in-climate-savings/ (英文)